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天文学

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Animation of the Moon as it cycles through its phases, as seen from the Northern Hemisphere. The apparent wobbling of the Moon is known as libration.

太陰月(ルナ・マンス)の定義と5つの天文学的周期

太陰月朔望月恒星月近点月
Horizontal coordinates use a celestial sphere centered on the observer. Azimuth is measured eastward from the north point (sometimes from the south point) of the horizon; altitude is the angle above the horizon.

地平座標系天体の位置を特定する基本システム

地平座標系高度方位角天文学
Upper (oK) and lower culmination (uk)

南中(Culmination)の仕組みと天体観測への応用

南中子午線天文学上南中
Tabular Islamic calendar

太陰暦の仕組みと特徴太陽暦や太陰太陽暦との違いを解説

太陰暦太陰太陽暦太陽暦イスラム暦
At left, tidally locked, the Moon rotates at the same rate it orbits the Earth, keeping the same face toward the planet. At right, not tidally locked, if the Moon did not rotate then the face would change over the course of an orbit. Viewed from north; not to scale.

潮汐ロックの仕組みと宇宙における影響

潮汐ロック同期回転天文学
At left, tidally locked, the Moon rotates at the same rate it orbits the Earth, keeping the same face toward the planet. At right, not tidally locked, if the Moon did not rotate then the face would change over the course of an orbit. Viewed from north; not to scale.

潮汐ロックの仕組みと宇宙における影響

潮汐ロック同期回転自転周期公転周期
The dwarf planet Pluto and its moon Charon are often described as a binary system in the Solar System, which orbit the Sun.

連星系とバイナリシステム宇宙に浮かぶペアの正体

連星バイナリシステム天文学重心
The IAU includes member organizations from 82 countries (designated as national members).

国際天文学連合(IAU)の役割と天文学における権威

国際天文学連合IAU天文学天体命名
Location of the northern lunistices from 2006 to 2025

月面停止(ルナスティス)のメカニズムと18.6年周期の天文学的影響

月面停止ルナスティス赤緯主要月面停止
The celestial equator is currently inclined by about 23.44° to the ecliptic plane. The image shows the relations between Earth's axial tilt (or obliquity), rotation axis, and orbital plane.

天球赤道とは?地球の傾きと星空の座標系を解説

天球赤道天球黄道地軸
Derivative of −Δt. The axis on the right shows the length of the solar day.

会合日(太陽日)の仕組みと天体ごとの周期的な違い

会合日太陽日恒星日自転周期
Diagram of the Moon's phases shown in the outer perimeter as seen from the northern hemisphere. The Earth is at the center of the diagram and the Moon is shown orbiting.

月の満ち欠け月相の仕組みと観測のポイント

月の満ち欠け月相新月満月