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惑星探査

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Example encounter.[2]In the planet's frame of reference, the space probe leaves with the exact same speed at which it had arrived. But when observed in the reference frame of the Solar System (fixed to the Sun), the benefit of this maneuver becomes apparent. Here it can be seen how the probe gains speed by tapping energy from the speed of the planet as it orbits the Sun. (If the trajectory is designed to pass in front of the planet instead of behind it, the gravity assist can be used as a braking maneuver rather than accelerating.) Because the mass of the probe is many orders of magnitude smaller than that of the planet, while the result on the probe is quite significant, the deceleration reaction experienced by the planet, according to Newton's third law, is utterly imperceptible.

Gravity Assist（スイングバイ）の仕組みと宇宙探査への応用

Gravity Assistスイングバイ重力アシスト軌道力学
2026年8月11日続きを読む →
Composition of the atmosphere of Venus. The chart on the right is an expanded view of the trace elements that all together do not even make up a tenth of a percent.

金星の大気構造極限環境の化学とダイナミクス

金星大気組成二酸化炭素硫酸雲
2026年8月11日続きを読む →
A Viking lander being prepared for dry heat sterilization – this remains the "gold standard"[1] of present-day planetary protection.

惑星保護の原則宇宙探査における生物学的汚染の防止策

惑星保護前方汚染後方汚染COSPAR
2026年8月11日続きを読む →
Position of Venera landing sites. Red points denote sites returning images from the surface, black central dots sites of surface sample analysis. Map based on mapping from Pioneer Venus Orbiter and Magellan.

ベネラ計画ソ連が挑んだ金星探査の軌跡と科学的成果

ベネラ計画金星探査ソビエト連邦宇宙探査
2026年8月11日続きを読む →
The Apollo 17 Command Module America seen in lunar orbit from the ascent stage of the Lunar Module

地球外周回機太陽系を巡る人工衛星の軌跡と歴史

地球外周回機人工衛星月周回機火星探査
2026年8月10日続きを読む →
Charted timeline of Solar System exploration through December 2014

太陽系探査の歴史地球から深宇宙へ至る人類の挑戦

太陽系探査宇宙開発無人探査機アポロ計画
2026年8月10日続きを読む →
The second highest mountain and highest volcano of Venus, the 8-km-high (5-mile-high) volcano Maat Mons, is displayed in this perspective view of the surface of Venus, with the vertical scale multiplied by 22.5. Based on Magellan radar images. In the foreground, long lava flows are visible.

金星の火山活動太陽系で最も多くの火山を持つ惑星の謎

金星火山活動マート・モンスパンケーキドーム
2026年8月10日続きを読む →
Interactive 3D model of MESSENGER

MESSENGERによる水星探査太陽系最内惑星の謎に迫った11年の旅

MESSENGER水星探査機NASA水星
2026年8月10日続きを読む →
Position of Venera landing sites. Red points denote sites returning images from the surface, black central dots sites of surface sample analysis. Map based on mapping from Pioneer Venus Orbiter and Magellan.

ベネラ計画ソ連が挑んだ金星探査の軌跡と科学的成果

ベネラ計画金星探査ソビエト連邦宇宙探査
2026年8月10日続きを読む →
Spectrum of 60Co; peaks at 1.17 and 1.33 MeV

ガンマ線分光計（GRS）の仕組みと惑星探査への応用

ガンマ線分光計GRSガンマ線分光法惑星探査
2026年8月10日続きを読む →
Artist's concept of Cassini's controlled atmospheric entry into Saturn

カッシーニ探査機の最期土星へのダイブとグランドフィナーレの全貌

カッシーニ土星NASAグランドフィナーレ
2026年8月10日続きを読む →
Heliocentric positions of the five interstellar probes (squares) and other bodies (circles) until 2030, with launch and flyby dates. Markers denote positions on 1 January of each year, with every fifth year labelled.Plot 1 is viewed from the north ecliptic pole, to scale.Plots 2 to 4 are third-angle projections at 20% scale.In the SVG file, hover over a trajectory or orbit to highlight it and its associated launches and flybys.

ボイジャー2号太陽系外へと旅する人類史上唯一の惑星探査機

ボイジャー2号NASA惑星探査星間空間
2026年8月10日続きを読む →